Steady State Modeling of Unified Power Flow Controller for Voltage Profile and Power Loss Improvement in an Electricity Grid

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Abstract

The inherent limitations of the conventional techniques in bridging the electricity supply-demand imbalance caused by inadequate electrical energy generation coupled with rapidly increasing population growth and industrialization across the globe have created the need for economical use of the existing power system networks using technologically advanced solid state devices called Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. Therefore, this work examines the effect of application of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) for voltage profile and power loss improvement in an electricity grid, considering IEEE 30-bus power system model as a case study. The system’s steady state performance was modeled using Newton-Raphson based load flow equations and simulated with and without UPFC using MATLAB/PSAT toolbox. The obtained voltage magnitudes of all the system’s buses fell within the tolerance limit of (100±5%) p.u. without UPFC and were further improved with the application of the controller. The voltage magnitudes of buses 3, 7, 15, 19, 25, 27, 30 among others which were 1.0135, 0.9993, 1.0288, 1.0391, 0.9995, 0.9815 and 0.9564 p.u. respectively without compensation increased to 1.0196, 1.0023, 1.0383, 1.0434, 1.0294, 1.0300 and 1.0285 p.u. respectively with compensation. The network’s total active power loss also improved by 6.38 %, from 16.05 MW without UPFC to 15.02 MW with UPFC. Evidence from this work revealed that UPFC is a suitable FACTS device for improving voltage

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