Effect of metronidazole and amoxicillin on Bacteroides species isolated from surgical wounds of patients attending Christiana specialist hospital Owerri and Braithwaite memorial specialist hospital Po

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Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effect of metronidazole and amoxicillin antibiotics on Bacteroides species. One hundred surgical wound swabs were collected from patients attending Christiana Specialist Hospital Owerri (CSHO) and Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital Port Harcourt (BMSHP). The specimens were studied by standard microbiological analysis. Antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out by disk diffusion method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result showed 32.4% of Bacteroides fragilis and 25.4% of Bacteroides ureolyticus were isolated from patients attending BMSHP while 25.4% of B. fragilis and 16.9% of B. ureolyticus from CSHO. Both B. fragilis and B. ureolyticus had the highest percentage occurrence of (32.4%) and (25.4%) respectively for BMSHP and lowest percentage of (25.4%) and (16.9%) respectively for CSHO. However, there is a significant difference (p<0.05) in frequency occurrence of Bacteroides species isolated from both locations. Both metronidazole and amoxicillin were effective against B. fragilis with average percentage effectiveness of 68.2% and 56.6% respectively for the two locations while metronidazole with (66.7%) was only effective against B. ureolyticus for both locations. The minimum inhibitory concentration showed the efficacy of the two antibiotics in the treatment of Bacteroides infection; however, metronidazole proved more potent. The similarities between the susceptibility patterns of the antibiotics observed emphasize the need to continue monitoring the emergence of resistance of most frequently used antibiotics against anaerobes.

Keywords: Antibiotics, Patients, Surgical wounds, Antibiotics, metronidazole

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