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×published date:2023-Sep-06
FULL TEXT in - | page 124-138
Abstract
The use of metal nanoparticles has grown considerably in recent years due to their unique properties and applications in various fields, such as medicine, electronics, and energy production. However, concerns have been raised regarding their potential impact on human health and the environment. In particular, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that metal nanoparticles may have adverse effects on male reproductive function. This review focuses on the effects of metal nanoparticles on two key aspects of male reproductive function: steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. Multiple studies have suggested that exposure to nanoparticles has the potential to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which serves as a primary mechanism leading to toxicity. The overproduction of ROS can cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and subsequent harm to proteins, cell membranes, and DNA. For example, metal nanoparticles can damage Leydig cells in the testes, which are responsible for producing testosterone. They can also interfere with the expression of genes involved in sperm cell development, leading to abnormal sperm morphology and reduced sperm count. The potential consequences of these effects include impaired fertility and reproductive toxicity. It is therefore essential to continue researching the impact of metal nanoparticles on male reproductive health and to develop effective strategies to mitigate their potential risks. Such strategies may include the development of safer alternatives to metal nanoparticles or the implementation of protective measures in industries that use them.
Keywords: Metal nanoparticles,;Spermatogenesis, Oxidative stress, ,
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