ISSN : 2488-8648


International Journal of Basic Science and Technology

A publication of the Faculty of Science, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State

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Archive | ISSUE: , Volume: Oct-Dec-2022

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Indices of An Urban Highway: A Case Study of Abeokuta Ibadan Road


Author:Adekunle, A.A., Nkeshita, F. C., Adewale, A.A.

published date:2023-Jul-14

FULL TEXT in - | page 258 - 265

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution of urban roads is a worldwide problem stemming from the risk of exposure to these particles that are toxic and may pose a risk to public health and the environment. The study aims to evaluate the ecological and pollution risk of selected heavy metals deposited on roadside soils and determine if it poses a threat to the environment within the study area. Roadside soil samples (RSS) were collected from fifteen sampling stations along Abeokuta-Odeda highway and were analyzed for six heavy metal concentrations (Cadmium, Cd, Copper, Cu, Lead, Pb, Zinc, Zn, Nickel, Ni, and Chromium, Cr) using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The results of statistical analysis show the abundance of the selected parameters in declining order; Cr > Pb > Cu > Ni > Zn > Cd. The correlation matrix depicts strong negative correlations between Zn and Cd (-0.747), Cr and Cd (-0.574), and weak correlations for other combinations, thus indicating that all the heavy metals are generated from both natural and anthropogenic sources are diverse and did not greatly influence their occurrence. The pollution index and ecological risk assessments were calculated for each element. The Contaminant Factor (CF) for each value of selected metal calculated for the locations were observed to below apart from the calculated values for Cd and Cr which exhibited values that ranged from 0.163 to 4.025 could be considered as ranging from low to a considerable level of contamination. The Geo-accumulation Index values of RSS indicated no significant ecological threats apart from that posed by Cd at stations 5 and 10 (1.42) which could be considered moderately polluted. The ecological risk factor results show that apart from Cd which exhibited high values (5.25 – 120.75) and ranged from being classified as low potential risk to considerable potential ecological risk, other heavy metals exhibited low potential ecological risk. It can be concluded that the roadside soils from the Abeokuta-Odeda road did not cause pollution or pose any serious ecological risk to the environment.

Keywords: Soils; Heavy metal, Ecological risk, Roadside soils ,,

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