ISSN : 2488-8648
International Journal of Basic Science and Technology
A publication of the Faculty of Science, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State
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ISSN : 2488-8648
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×published date:2023-Jul-31
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Abstract
Baobab tree has multi-purpose uses and every part of the plant is reported to be useful. This study was carried out to determine the antibacterial effect of Baobab (Adansonia digitata) Leaf and Stem against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The result of phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponin, and cardiac glycosides for aqueous extract while using ethanol extract, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, tannins, terpenoid, steroids, cardiac glycoside, and anthraquinones were present in the Baobab leaf and stem extract. The result of the susceptibility test indicates that bacteria to the active fractions showed that the leaf and stem of A. digitata have antimicrobial activity against the test isolates and the zone of inhibition increased with an increase in the concentration of the test extracts. The findings also revealed that the two-bacteria E. coli and S. aureus were more susceptible to ethanolic extract than aqueous extract indicating the highest zones of inhibition on ethanolic extraction ranging from 16.6±0.1 to 5.5±0.1 for E. coli and 21.2±0.1 to 10.1±0.1 for S. aureus. In the aqueous extract, the organism had zones of inhibition of 14.6±0.1 to 5.5±0.1 for E. coli and 20.2±0.1 to 11.1±0.1 for S. aureus respectively. The MIC and MBC inhibitions were observed between 25mg/ml and 50mg/ml concentrations of the extract for aqueous and ethanolic extracts. In conclusion, the results obtained indicated the presence of phytochemical constituents of the plant could be responsible for the antimicrobial properties of the Baobab plant.
Keywords: Baobab, Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus,,,
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