Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Calcium Levels and Risk of Prostatic Diseases among adult Diabetic Males on Treatment in Benin City

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Abstract

Several studies have proposed possibility of less risk for long term diabetics to develop prostatic diseases, even as lots of controversies still surround the role of calcium in the pathophysiology of these diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) serum calcium levels and risk of prostatic diseases among diabetic male patients undergoing treatment in a tertiary hospital in Benin City. A total of seventy four adult males aged between 35 - 68years participated in this study. They comprised of forty four, type 2 diabetics who were regular out patients of central Hospital, Benin City Edo state and thirty, healthy sex matched, non-diabetics controls. Demographic variables were obtained using questionnaires, after their informed consents were sought and medical history obtained from patients’ case notes. The serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, while the serum calcium level was determined using spectrophotometric method. Significant increase (p<0.05) in mean PSA level when controls was compared to diabetic group was recorded. However, calcium ion level showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) when control was compared to diabetic group. Meanwhile, negative correlation between age and PSA level (rs=-0.17; p=0.25) was recorded but was not significant (p>0.05), while age also had a non-significant positive correlation with calcium ion (rs=0.10; p=0.51) level in the diabetic group. This study suggests increased risk of prostatic diseases among the diabetic males on treatment in Benin City. Further works needs to be done especially on those who have been on treatment for a longer period of time.

Keywords: Prostate Specific Antigen, Serum Calcium Levels, Type 2 diabetes, Adult Males, Benin Ci

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